Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids, compressed gases (gas tank) or mediums used for the short- or long-term storage of heat or cold. The term can be used for reservoirs (artificial lakes and ponds), and for manufactured containers. Storage tanks are often cylindrical in shape, perpendicular to the ground with flat bottoms, and a fixed or floating roof.
Types and Specifications:
Acid Neutralization Tanks
Acid neutralization tanks were installed to ensure effluent pH is in compliance with Metro Vancouver Sewer Use Bylaws and to minimize any potential corrosive attack on a facility’s drainage system.
Atmospheric:
An atmospheric tank is a container for holding a liquid at atmospheric pressure. The major design code for welded atmospheric tanks are API 650 and API 620. API 653 is used for analysis of in-service storage tanks.
High Pressure:
In the case of a liquefied gas such as hydrogen or chlorine, or a compressed gas such as compressed natural gas or MAPP, the storage tank must be made to withstand the sometimes immense pressures exerted by the contents. These tanks may be called cylinders and, being pressure vessels, are sometimes excluded from the class of “tanks”.
Milk tank:
In dairy farming a bulk milk cooling tank is a large storage tank for cooling and holding milk at a cold temperature until it can be picked up by a milk hauler. The bulk milk cooling tank is an important milk farm equipment. It is usually made of stainless steel and used every day to store the raw milk on the farm in good condition. It must be cleaned after each milk collection. The milk cooling tank can be the property of the farmer or being rented to the farmer by the dairy plant.
Septic tank:
A septic tank is a watertight container for receiving, treating and settling domestic sewage. They are regulated by the Sewer System Regulations under the Public Health Act.Anaerobic digestion occurs on the settled solids, reducing the volume of solids. The water released by the system is normally absorbed by the drain field without needing any further treatment.
Materials of construction:
While steel and concrete remain one of the most popular choices for tanks, glass-reinforced plastic, thermoplastic and polyethylene tanks are increasing in popularity. They offer lower build costs and greater chemical resistance, especially for storage of speciality chemicals. There are several relevant standards, such as British Standard 4994 (1989), DVS(German Welding Institute) 2205, and ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) RTP-1 which give advice on wall thickness, quality control procedures, testing procedures, accreditation, fabrication and design criteria of final product.
Reference:
http://www.caldwellwatertanks.com/water-tank-specs-drawings.html